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1945: End of World War Two
The catastrophic British defeats in Europe and Asia between 1940 and 1942 destroyed its financial and economic independence, the real foundation of the imperial system. Britain had survived the war, but its wealth, prestige and authority had been severely reduced.The Empire was overstretched and – combined with growing unrest in various colonies – this led to the swift and decisive fall of many of Britain's key assets, some diplomatically, some violently. In 1947 India became independent following a nonviolent civil-disobedience campaign spearheaded by Mahatma Gandhi.The Suez Crisis of 1956 confirmed Britain's decline as a global power, and the handover of Hong Kong to China on 1 July 1997 symbolised for many the end of the British Empire, though fourteen overseas territories that are remnants of the empire remain under British sovereignty.
Why did the British Empire go broke : By 1945, however, colonies were an expensive liability for Clement Attlee's newly elected Labour government. The United States' rising global influence and its opposition to imperialism made colonialism less politically viable, while Japan's wartime victories had destroyed Britain's imperial prestige.
What destroyed the British Empire
World War Two had been extraordinarily costly for Britain and her empire, and in 1945 the country was exhausted and devastated. Aerial bombardment had destroyed many British cities, and there were major shortages of goods and labour for the rebuilding of the country.
Could Britain have kept its empire : By the end of World War Two in 1945 it became clear that: Britain could no longer afford to maintain its empire. British attitudes were changing, as more people began to believe that having an empire was wrong and that Britain had no right to rule over other states by force.
Ultimately, the billions of dollars worth of debt following World War II marked the ultimate cause of the Empire's fall by forcing Britain to “[rev-evaluate] the value and cost of its colonial possessions” under pressure from the United States and United Nations (“A History of the British Empire”).
The combination of trade from factories (the industrial revolution) and shipping guarded by a navy, was the basis of wealth. Controlling a significant portion of world trade, Britain wielded economic influence over regions such as Asia and Latin America. Some colonies earned greater autonomy, becoming Dominions.
Did the British Empire do any good
One of the positive byproducts of an empire that spanned the globe was the spread of the English language. Today, English is the largest language by terms of speakers in the world and the third most spoken native language.The First and Second World Wars
Both wars left Britain weakened and less interested in its empire. Although Great Britain emerged as one of the victors of World War II, it had been economically devastated by the conflict. The British Empire gradually gave way to the Commonwealth.Ultimately, the billions of dollars worth of debt following World War II marked the ultimate cause of the Empire's fall by forcing Britain to “[rev-evaluate] the value and cost of its colonial possessions” under pressure from the United States and United Nations (“A History of the British Empire”).
The Suez Crisis of 1956 is considered by some commentators to be the beginning of the end of Britain's period as a superpower, but other commentators have pointed much earlier such as in World War I, the Depression of 1920-21, the Partition of Ireland, the return of the pound sterling to the gold standard at its prewar …
How did the British Empire fall : Ultimately, the billions of dollars worth of debt following World War II marked the ultimate cause of the Empire's fall by forcing Britain to “[rev-evaluate] the value and cost of its colonial possessions” under pressure from the United States and United Nations (“A History of the British Empire”).
Is Britain the greatest empire ever : In 1913, 412 million people lived under the control of the British Empire, 23 percent of the world's population at that time. It remains the largest empire in human history and at the peak of its power in 1920, it covered an astonishing 13.71 million square miles – that's close to a quarter of the world's land area.
Is Britain still a superpower
Nevertheless, the United Kingdom today has retained global soft power in the 21st century, including a formidable military. The United Kingdom continues to have a permanent seat on the UN Security Council alongside only four other powers, and is one of the nine nuclear powers.
The two events that are usually used by historians to signify the end of the British Empire are the Independence of India in 1947 or the end of British rule in Hong Kong in 1997.Arguably, the small size of Britain, its small population, and the fact it is an island, are its greatest strengths. Being an island led to a dependency amongst the British on resources from the sea and a need to establish naval trade routes; and this meant that a strong navy was required.
Why did Britain lose so much power : The First and Second World Wars
Both wars left Britain weakened and less interested in its empire. Although Great Britain emerged as one of the victors of World War II, it had been economically devastated by the conflict. The British Empire gradually gave way to the Commonwealth.